Connective Tissue Research Proposals

1 Study C-1: HIF-1alpha-ECM Dynamics in ME/CFS

Longitudinal study measuring HIF-1alpha, MMP-3, MMP-9, and collagen degradation markers (CTX, NTx) at rest, immediately post-exertion, and 24/48/72h post-CPET in ME/CFS vs controls. Hypothesis: ME/CFS will show delayed HIF-1alpha elevation and prolonged MMP elevation correlating with PEM timing.

2 Study C-2: Connective Tissue Stratification by Upright MRI

Cross-sectional (n=200 ME/CFS) with upright MRI to assess CCI prevalence in unselected cohort. Stratify by Beighton score and orthostatic symptoms. Hypothesis: CCI prevalence lower than Bragee2020 (80%) but higher than general population, with association to hypermobility and orthostatic symptoms.

3 Study C-3: Mast Cell Stabilizer + Low-Dose Doxycycline Trial

RCT (n=80, 4 arms: placebo, mast cell stabilizer alone, doxycycline alone, combination). Outcome: mast cell markers, MMP levels, connective tissue symptoms. Hypothesis: combination therapy shows synergistic benefit.

4 Study C-4: Circadian Collagen Synthesis Optimization

Pilot testing timed vitamin C and proline supplementation (circadian-appropriate dosing) vs uncontrolled supplementation in hypermobile ME/CFS. Measure collagen synthesis markers (PINP, PIIINP) at multiple timepoints.

5 Study D-1: DecodeME Stratified GWAS by Onset Age

Background. The DecodeME dataset contains genetic data for over 17,000 ME/CFS participants, but no GWAS has yet stratified by age at onset. The vitiligo precedent demonstrates that bimodal-onset analysis can reveal fundamentally distinct genetic architectures: early-onset vitiligo harbours an MHC class II haplotype with OR > 8 that is entirely absent from late-onset disease (Jin et al. 2019). ME/CFS shows clinically meaningful differences between early and late onset: greater severity (OR 2.15), more infectious mononucleosis triggers (OR 2.32), and increased familial clustering (OR 1.43) in the early peak (McGrath et al. 2026).

References

Jin, Ying, Gary H. L. Roberts, Timothy M. Ferrara, Mio Nakamura, Shanglin Yan, Louis C. Tsoi, Ru Li, et al. 2019. β€œEarly-Onset Autoimmune Vitiligo Associated with an Enhancer Variant Haplotype That Upregulates Class II HLA Expression.” Nature Communications 10: 391. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08337-4.
McGrath, Simon J., Charlie B. Hillier, Joshua J. Dibble, Trude Schei, Arild Angelsen, and Audrey A. Ryback. 2026. β€œIncidence Age Is Bimodal for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, with Higher Severity Burden for Early Onset Disease.” Oxford Open Immunology 7 (1): iqag007. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfimm/iqag007.